MICROSURGERY: IN DENTISTRY

Microsurgery refers to a surgical procedure performed under a microscope. It is a practice that embraces three distinct values. First is enhancement of motor skills to improve surgical ability. This is evident in the smooth hand movements accomplished with increased precision and reduced tremor. Second is the decreased tissue trauma at the surgical site, which is apparent in the use of small instruments and a reduced surgical field. Third is the application of microsurgical principles to achieve passive and primary wound closure. The aim is the elimination of gaps and dead spaces at the wound edge to circumvent new tissue formation needed to fill surgical voids. A painful and inflammatory phase of wound healing can then be avoided. Periodontal plastic surgery deals with the cosmetic reconstruction, reshaping, or removal of the dentoalveolar tissues. The procedures common to the field include: root coverage, ridge augmentation, ridge preservation, preprosthetic ridge alteration, and esthetic crown lengthening. The ultimate goals of periodontal plastic surgery procedures are to provide the patient with their desired esthetic outcome while maintaining the health of the teeth and periodontium